3.8 Phrasal Verbs and Relative Clauses

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Phrasal verbs today!

Phrasal Verbs

Phrasal Verbs

- Phrasal Verbs = combination of a verb + preposition 

- in, on, up, away, by, about, over, around, out, off, down, back, 

   through, along, forward

- Sometimes with a clear meaning: "get on", "drive off", "come back"

- Sometimes less clear: "lay off" (to get fired), "keep up" (hold on)

1. "Maybe we can meet ____ to catch up some time soon?"

1. on
2. up
3. about
4. out

2. "I know it will hurt a lot, but you just have to get it _____ with."

1. on
2. over
3. away
4. down

3. "I'm sorry I didn't get around ____ finishing the task yet."

1. up
2. back
3. through
4. to

4. "I ran _____ an old school friend at the mall."

1. along
2. forward
3. into
4. up

5. "Lucy is really looking forward ____ her birthday party."

1. around
2. forward
3. to
4. over

6. "She really takes ____ her mother, they're both really impatient."

1. over
2. after
3. down
4. off

7. "Our cat suddenly turned ____ again after we'd put up 'missing' posters all over the neighbourhood."

1. down
2. around
3. off
4. up

8. "Let's run ____ these lines one more time before the show."

1. through
2. away
3. out
4. in

9. "I passed ____ the job offer because it didn't pay enough."

1. through
2. up
3. off
4. down

10. "You will lose weight if you stick ___ your diet."

1. around
2. to
3. off
4. down

Relative clauses

what is a relative clause?

My brother, who is 24 years old, still lives at home

The thief who robbed an old lady was sent to jail.

It provides additional information on something or someone.

Relative Clauses

who - people

which - animals & things 

that - peope, dieren, dingen

That = More informal than who/which

that -> NEVER between 2 commas

Relative pronouns

• Link to a word previously mentioned
  
• Links up two parts of the sentence

Martin played Tennis with Sophie, who was slightly injured.

relative pronoun

Noa sold her phone, which was old and damaged.

relative pronoun

Defining relative clauses

Defining relative clauses:  essential information

• In the middle or end of sentence
• No commas!

He is the doctor who helped my grandmother.

This is the airport where I lost my bag.

Non-defining relative clauses

Non-defining relative clauses:  additional information

• In the middle or end of sentence
• Starts and ends with comma
• No use of that
  

The Times, which is published in London, is a daily newspaper.

The Times is a daily newspaper.

Relative pronouns

You can leave out relative pronouns if:

• it is a 'defining relative clause'
• the pronoun does NOT relate to the subject
  
• there is a pronoun behind it

The flowers which he gave me were beautiful.

Persoonlijk: ik, jij, hij, etc.

Bezittelijk: mijn, zijn, onze, etc.

Wederkerend: me, je, zich, etc.

The flowers he gave me were beautiful.

Relative pronouns

• Who / which together with preposition
  
• preposition mostly in the end.

• preposition can also be in the beginning of sentence: formal
• 'Who' changes to 'whom'

The officer, who Lee told his story to, was shocked.

The officer, to whom Leed told his story, was shocked.

Lyrics: do you recognize them?

• You're the one that I want
• The power you're supplying
• I need a man who can keep me satisfied

Remember the film 'Grease'?

Which RELATIVE pronoun fits in this sentence?
I want to read the book........you gave me.

1. which, that , who
2. which, that, X
3. who, whose, whom
4. which, that

Which RELATIVE pronoun fits in this sentence:
The officer, ....... John told his story to, was nice

1. who, that
2. who, that, X
3. who,
4. which, that

We had spaghetti .... is my favourite meal, for dinner last night.

1. whom
2. whose
3. which
4. who

which two relative pronouns belong to people?

1. who and that
2. who and which
3. which and whom
4. whose and who

He is a famous architect ...
designs won an international award last year.

1. who
2. which
3. that
4. whose

This is Mary, ...
is taking over my job when I leave.

1. who
2. which
3. that
4. whose

The photocopier, ...
has a two-year guarantee, costs $2000.

1. who
2. which
3. that
4. whose

He is the consultant ...
advice I rely on.

1. whose
2. who
3. that
4. whom

The people ...
were stopped at the border were all from Eastern Europe.

1. whose
2. which
3. that
4. who

Defining relative clauses give us...

1. Extra information
2. Essential information

Non-defining relative clauses give us...

1. Extra information
2. Essential information

Any questions??

Homework

- The Giver Chapter 20

- Cambridge Unit 7 finished

- Submit the exam writing task of Teams