9.2.5 Hitler's Dictatorship -TEACH-2023

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• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3

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people's representatives

government

parliament

ministers

king

States-General

1e + 2e Kamer

prime minister

chancellor

executive power

legislative power

judicial power

Reichstag

US Congress

president

government

government

parliament

ministers

king

States-General

1e + 2e Kamer

prime minister

chancellor

executive power

legislative power

judicial power

Reichstag

US Congress

president

government

cabinet

King

prime minister

ministers

9.2.5: Hitler's dictatorship

AGE 9. The Time of World Wars

First make a note in your notebook.

• Lesson 9.2.5

• Extremist political parties gain popularity during an (economic) crisis,
• because people lose faith in their government and look for "a savior".

First make a note in your notebook.

• Lesson 9.2.5

• Extremist political parties gain popularity during an (economic) crisis,
• because people lose faith in their government and look for "a savior".

First make a note in your notebook.

• Lesson 9.2.5

• Extremist political parties gain popularity during an (economic) crisis,
• because people lose faith in their government and look for "a savior".

when

what

where

effect on Hitler / Nazis

First make a note in your notebook.

• Lesson 9.2.5

• Extremist political parties gain popularity during an (economic) crisis,
• because people lose faith in their government and look for "a savior".

when

what

where

effect on Hitler / Nazis

1923

Hyperinflation

Germany

Munich Putsch (failed)

First make a note in your notebook.

• Lesson 9.2.5

• Extremist political parties gain popularity during an (economic) crisis,
• because people lose faith in their government and look for "a savior".

when

what

where

effect on Hitler / Nazis

1923

Hyperinflation

Germany

Munich Putsch (failed)

1929

the Great Depression

worldwide 

(started in USA)

1932: Hitler wins elections

In this lesson:

In 1933 Hitler became prime minister of the Weimar Republic.

In this lesson:

In 1933 Hitler became prime minister of the Weimar Republic.

1. Ending democracy:

He used the Reichstag Fire, new elections and the Enabling Act to end 

democracy.

In this lesson:

In 1933 Hitler became prime minister of the Weimar Republic.

1. Ending democracy:

He used the Reichstag Fire, new elections and the Enabling Act to end 

democracy.

2. Ending opposition:

During the "Night of the Long Knives" Hitler purged his own party of critical people.

Without opposition, Hitler became Führer (leader): a dictator with absolute power.

In this lesson:

In 1933 Hitler became prime minister of the Weimar Republic.

1. Ending democracy:

He used the Reichstag Fire, new elections and the Enabling Act to end 

democracy.

2. Ending opposition:

During the "Night of the Long Knives" Hitler purged his own party of critical people.

Without opposition, Hitler became Führer (leader): a dictator with absolute power.

3. Turning Germany into a totalitarian state (nazification):

                          - nazis controlled media and culture

                          - propaganda and cult of personality

                          - racial ideology, indoctrinate children / education

                          - terror: SS & Gestapo, concentration camps

1924. Hitler in prison after a failed coup.

Jan. 1933, Hitler is appointed "chancellor"....

After 1929: Thanks to the crisis, Hitler’s party grew.

Reichstag elections July 1932

Nazis (brown) are largest parties, but don't have an overall majority

Jan. 1933, Hitler is appointed "chancellor"....

...but the nazis don't have an overall a majority in parliament.

And that is what Hitler wants.

When the Reichstag building is set on fire by a communist,

Hitler seizes the opportunity...

Hitler declares communists state enemies and organises new elections, using propaganda and terror.

the S.A. (Sturm Abteilung) = nazis in uniforms.

They arrest communists and intimidate voters

Reichstag elections March 1933

Nazis (brown) , together with another nationalist party, have an overall majority

With a majority support in parliament Hitler proposes a new law: 

the Enabling Act

This law gives Hitler the power to rule without parliament!

Hitler now has dictatorial powers.

In this lesson:

In 1933 Hitler became prime minister of the Weimar Republic.

1. Ending democracy:

He used the Reichstag Fire, new elections and the Enabling Act to end 

democracy.

2. Ending opposition:

During the "Night of the Long Knives" Hitler purged his own party of critical people.

Without opposition, Hitler became Führer (leader): a dictator with absolute power.

3. Turning Germany into a totalitarian state (nazification):

                          - nazis controlled media and culture

                          - propaganda and cult of personality

                          - racial ideology, indoctrinate children / education

                          - terror: SS & Gestapo, concentration camps

To strengthen his power, Hitler needed to get rid of "critical" members of his own S.A. (sturmabteilung)

Ernst Röhm

SA leaders wanted more political influence.

Hitler did not want to share any power.

Hitler turns to his elite bodyguard troops: the SS to help him 

During the "Night of the Long Knives" the SA is purged by the SS.

Hitler claims he has prevented an "SA coup".

Two months later president Hindenburg dies.

He was the last remnant of the Weimar republic.

Hitler succeeds Hindenburg, combines his office "chancellor" with 

that of "president" into a new title: FÜHRER

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Many opponents and "undesired" people are arrested and sent to concentration camps. 

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