Grammar - Chapter 1 Word Classes

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Grammar Ch1 - Word Classes

There are eight main word classes in English type them in the box

The eight main word classes im English

1) Nouns

2) Determiners

3) Pronouns

4) Verbs

5) Adjectives

6) Adverbs

7) Prepositions

8) Conjunctions

Listen carefully to the song. How many different pronouns do you hear?

How many (different) pronouns did you hear?

1. 4
2. 7
3. 3
4. 5

There are several types of pronouns. How many ?

1. 2
2. 4
3. 6
4. 7

Which pronouns do you know?

Personal pronouns: I, you, he, she, it, we, they, me, him, her, us, them

Possessive pronouns: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs

Demonstrative pronouns: this, that, these, those

Relative pronouns: who, whom, whose, which, that

Interrogative pronouns: who, whom, whose, what, which  (questions)

Indefinite pronouns: everyone, someone, anyone, everything, something, anything, nothing, all, both, few, many, several, some, any, none, one, each, every, either, neither

Reflexive pronouns: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves

What is an adjective?

1. Describes or modifies a noun or a pronoun.
2. Describes or modifies a verb or verbphrase

What is an adverb?

1. modifies a verb
2. modifies a verb,verbphrase, an adjective, or another adverb.
3. modifies an ajdective verb
4. modifies a verb,verbphrase, an adjective, or another adverb or noun

Time adverbs: These adverbs provide information about when an action is performed, such as "yesterday," "now," "later," "soon," "sometimes," "often," "always," "never," and "rarely."

Place or space adverbs: These adverbs provide information about where an action is performed, such as "here," "there," "inside," "outside," "upstairs," "downstairs," "everywhere," and "nowhere."

Manner or degree adverbs: These adverbs provide information about how an action is performed or to what extent, such as "quickly," "slowly," "carefully," "eagerly," "enthusiastically," "very," "somewhat," and "completely."

Frequency adverbs: These adverbs provide information about how often an action is performed, such as "always," "often," "sometimes," "seldom," "rarely," and "never."

Which statements are true?

1. Determiners are a type of verbs
2. Determiners are words that are used to introduce or specify a noun in a sentence
3. pronouns can be determiners
4. articles are an example of determiner

True or false:
Indefinite article= The

1. true
2. false

True or false:
quantifiers can function as determiners in a sentence

1. True
2. False

What do you knwo about nouns?

Nouns: countable, uncountable or proper?

Type C / U / P

New York

Dog

Garden

Conjuctions

True or false?
FANBOYS is an acronym that can be used to remember the most common coordinating conjunctions in English

1. True
2. false

True or false:
Non-Finite verbs don't change based on the subject or the tense, and they can't be the main verb of a sentence.

1. True
2. false

Lexical verbs, auxiliary verbs, and linking verbs 

Lexical verbs, auxiliary verbs, and linking verbs are all types of verbs in English, but they have different roles and functions in a sentence.

Lexical verbs:

These are main verbs that express the action or state of the subject in a sentence. They are also called main  verbs. They can stand alone.

 Examples: "run," "eat," "read," "sing," "dance," and "think." These verbs can be transitive or intransitive.

Auxiliary verbs (Helping verbs)

Used to form verb tenses, moods, and voices in English. They help the main verb in a sentence. Auxiliary verbs include "be," "do," "have," "will," "shall," "may," "can," and "must." Auxiliary verbs are used together with the main verb of a sentence to create a complete verb phrase.They don't give any additional meaning on their own, but they help the main verb express its meaning. For example, in the sentence "She is singing," the auxiliary verb "is" is used with the main verb "singing" to form the present continuous tense.

Modal verbs are a type of auxiliary verb that are used to express various attitudes or moods, such as ability, permission, obligation, possibility.

There are nine modal verbs

Can - expresses ability or possibility.

Could - expresses past ability, permission or possibility.

May - expresses permission, possibility or probability.

Might - expresses possibility or probability.

Will - expresses certainty, willingness, or determination.

Would - expresses hypothetical situations or politeness.

Shall - expresses future time, obligation or suggestion.

Should - expresses obligation, duty, or advice.

Must - expresses necessity, obligation, or strong recommendation.

Linking verbs:

These are verbs that connect the subject of a sentence with a noun, pronoun, or adjective that describes or renames it.

 Linking verbs do not express action, but instead, they link the subject to additional information about it. Examples include "be," "seem," "appear," "become," "feel," and "look." For instance, in the sentence 

"The flowers smell sweet," the linking verb "smell" connects the subject "flowers" with the adjective "sweet" to describe its fragrance.

Verbs: lexical, auxiliary or link?

Type: Lex / Aux / Link

He WALKS every day.

My aunt IS a lawyer.

How do you feel about your exam?

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