Explanation auxiliaries

Auxiliary verbs
Reference book pp 77 - 78
Grammar: auxiliary verbs (can/could/be able to, etc.)
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EngelsMiddelbare schoolhavoLeerjaar 4

This lesson contains 21 slides, with interactive quizzes and text slides.

time-iconLesson duration is: 30 min

Items in this lesson

Auxiliary verbs
Reference book pp 77 - 78
Grammar: auxiliary verbs (can/could/be able to, etc.)

Slide 1 - Slide

Unit 4 auxiliaries: 

  • Can / Could
  • Be able to
  • Be allowed
  • May / Might
  • Must
  • Have to (don’t have to …)
  • Should

Hulpwerkwoorden helpen met het verduidelijken van een (hoofd) werkwoord.


Regels:
  • Ontkennend door ‘not’ er achter te zetten (behalve ‘have to’)
  • Vragend door hulpwerkwoord an begin van zin te zetten (behalve have to)

Slide 2 - Slide

Modals
There are many modals and they can be used to indicate different things. 
  1. ability & possibility > can, could, be able to
  2. permission & possibility >  be allowed to, may, might
  3.  obligation & necessity > must, have (got) to, should

Read through this part of the hand-out and do the exercises on the following slides. 

Slide 3 - Slide

Can / could / be able to
Can + ww
Could + ww
Be able to + ww
- you can use my phone.
- I can ski very well.
- She can't work until late.
- Could I open a window, please?
- I could already read when I was 4 years old.
- I am able to do a backflip after practising hard.
- She was able to study for hours without a break.
- kunnen / mogen / mogelijk zijn
- in present simple 
(tegenwoordige tijd)
- kunnen / mogen / mogelijk zijn in de verleden tijd.
- zou kunnen / zou mogen (nette vorm)
- kunnen / in staat zijn
- formeler
- vaak als iets meer moeite kost / moeilijker is

Slide 4 - Slide

Modal verbs: may - might - be allowed to
Gebruik: zeggen dat iets mag (hulpwerkwoorden 'mogen')

May
Mogen
Zou kunnen

+ hele ww
Tegenwoordige tijd

You may go now. 


Debby is late; she may be ill.
Toegestaan* (bij informeel gebruiken we eerder can)

Zou kunnen
Might
Zou misschien mogen
Zou misschien kunnen
+ hele ww
tegenwoordige tijd
Might I ask a the Queen a question?

There might be fully automatic cars soon. 
Toegestaan (meest formeel)

Mogelijk
[to be] allowed to
mogen
+ hele ww
Alle tijden
Vervangt altijd may & can in andere tijden dan de TT
Thomas was allowed to leave early.

Everyone will be allowed to use a dictionary. 
Toegestaan (volgens de regels)

Slide 5 - Slide

May, might, be allowed to
1. may / might + hele werkwoord om toestemming te vragen of zeggen dat iets (of niet) is toegestaan. 'may' is mogen en 'might' is zou mogen.
2. may/might om mogelijkheid aan te geven. 'May' is meer zeker dan 'might".
3. be allowed to + hele werkwoord om te zeggen dat iets (of niet) is toegestaan volgens de regels.

Slide 6 - Slide

Must / have to / should (= moeten)
Must
have to / has to
should
I must be on time.
I must stop for a red traffic light.
I mustn't forget the time.
- My mum said I have to do the dishes.
- he/she/it has to do the homework.
- You should try that new chocolate flavour!
- You should visit your grandma. It's nice of you.
- You shouldn't wait with studying until the last minute
- het moet (niet) van jezelf
- het is een regel
- het moet van iemand anders
- het is een tip/advies
- het is netjes gedrag
- don't have to
= het hoeft niet

Slide 7 - Slide

You ______ be exhausted after your long trip. Come in and have a drink.
A
might
B
must
C
should
D
could

Slide 8 - Quiz

I won't go out this afternoon because the weather forecast is not very good, and I ________ get wet
A
must
B
might
C
may
D
could

Slide 9 - Quiz

I _____ left my wallet in the car. I can't find it anywhere.
A
could have
B
should
C
must have
D
might have

Slide 10 - Quiz

You ______ step into the headmaster's office without permission.
A
mustn't
B
don't have to
C
needn't
D
mightn't

Slide 11 - Quiz

I ______ take orders from you. You're not my boss!
A
mustn't
B
don't have to
C
shouldn't
D
am not able

Slide 12 - Quiz

Unit 4's auxiliaries:

  • Can / Could
  • Be able to
  • Be allowed
  • May / Might
  • Must
  • Have to (don’t have to …)
  • Should

Unit 5's auxiliaries: 

  • Be willing
  • Want
  • Would rather
  • Make
  • Would like
  • Mind

Slide 13 - Slide

Willen: want / make / would like / mind / willing
  • Als er sprake is van een bevel, je wilt iets van een ander --> want 
    She wanted us to finish our homework. 
  • Als er sprake is van een bevel, je wordt gedwongen --> make
    He made us go home at ten o'clock. 
  • Als er sprake is van een vriendelijk verzoek --> would like
    I would like you to stop talking now.
  • Als het gaat om bereid zijn of iets (best) willen --> mind / willing
    Do you mind helping me out this afternoon? 
    She is willing to do the groceries for us. 

Slide 14 - Slide

not mind/willing/would rather
  • don't/doesn't/didn't mind + gerund (ww+ ing)= niet erg vinden om, bereid zijn/best willen
      He doesn't mind helping out now and then. He didn't mind  staying until I was done.

  • willing to + hele ww = bereid zijn, best willen
Jim is willing to help us, if we need a pair of extra hands. (Jim wil ons best helpen, ...)
Are they willing to pay for the damages? (Zijn zij bereid om voor de schade te betalen?)

  • would rather + hele ww = liever willen
I'd rather die on the spot, than asking him out on a date! I too shy! (Ik ga nog liever .....)
We'd rather finish/would rather finish the work tonight, than having to come back tomorrow. 

Slide 15 - Slide

Want:

Opdracht / bevel: willen dat

  • He wanted me to write a letter.
    Hij wilde dat ik een brief schreef.
  • She wants us to be on time.
    Zij wil dat wij op tijd zijn.

Make:

Opdracht / bevel: dwingen (laten)

  • He always makes us work hard.
    Hij laat ons altijd hard werken.
  • She mades us walk all the way home.
    Zij liet ons de hele weg naar huis lopen.



Slide 16 - Slide

She ____ us wait for half an hour. It made me so angry!
A
make
B
didn't mind
C
was willing
D
made

Slide 17 - Quiz

He ____ me to read this book. But I didn't enjoy it.
A
wanted
B
minded
C
was willing
D
would rather

Slide 18 - Quiz

_______ doing that for me? I don't want to get up.
A
Would you rather
B
Could you
C
Would you mind
D
Would you

Slide 19 - Quiz

_______ to babysit tonight?
A
Are you willing
B
Do you mind
C
Could you
D
Would you rather

Slide 20 - Quiz

I ______ go to Disney Land over Legoland.
A
want
B
would rather
C
don't mind
D
am willing

Slide 21 - Quiz