C/29-30

• English
• Special Education

Special conjunctions

Fill in the gaps with the appropriate conjunction!

She couldn't bribe the policeman. __________, he tried.

__________ I haven't spent all my money on girls...

He will move to Japan __________ he fails the next exam.

Bring some money __________ you want to buy a beer.

All my brothers live in the UK, __________ I live here.

__________ he was far away, she could see him.

Although

in case

however

If only

whereas

unless

Reported Speech

Mi is ez?

Olyankor használjuk, ha idézünk valakit, továbbmondunk valamit. Például:

Elek: "I am drinking Jack'n'Coke."

Elek said that he was drinking Jack'n'Coke.

Alapvetően két eset lehetséges:

A.- Ha az adott pillanatban mondjuk tovább (pl. épp vonalban vagyunk): Sára says she is at home.

B.- Ha később mondunk tovább valamit: Martin Luther King said that he had a dream.

Reported Speech (folytatás)

A második eset a bonyolultabb, az alábbi miatt:

Ottó 18:11-kor azt mondja a munkahelyén: "I am hungry."

Hazamegyek, és 20:34-kor mondom a páromnak: Ottó told me that he was hungry.

Mint láthatod, múltba került az idézett rész, hiszen az 18:11-kor volt jelent, 20:34-re pedig már múlt.

Gyakorlatilag az a szabály, hogy mindig hátrébb ugrik az idézett mondatrész egy igeidőt.

Az első esetnél minden maradt, ahogy volt, csak odakerült elé, hogy "XY says that"

Reported Speech (folytatás)

Így kell alakítanunk az igeidőket:

   Present Simple --> Past Simple

   Present Continuous --> Past Continuous

   Present Perfect --> Past Perfect

   Present Perfect Continuous --> Past Perfect Continuous

   Past Simple --> Past Perfect

   Past Continuous --> Past Perfect Continuous

   Past Perfect --> Past Perfect (nem tud hátrébb menni)

   Future Simple --> Will helyett Would

Vagy így

Illetve előfordul, hogy a Present Simple nem ugrik hátrébb. Olyankor nem alakítjuk, ha az adott szitu még mindig igaz, így nem vált múlttá:

She said that she works at OTP.

Reported Speech (folytatás)

Személyes névmások:

Edina: I am so moron. --> Edina said that she was so moron.

Klotild: You ate my lunch! --> Klotild told me that I had eaten her lunch.

Az igeidők mellett az alábbiakra is oda kell figyelni:

Helyhatározók:

Csaba: She is here. --> Csaba said she was there. (ha már máshol vagyunk)

Kati: We will meet here. --> Kati said that they would meet here. (ha még ugyanott vagyunk)

Reported Speech (folytatás)

Időhatározók:

Noel: I will pay tomorrow.

  Még aznap: Noel said that he would pay tomorrow.

  Másnap: Noel said that he would pay today.

  Harmadnap: Noel said that he would pay yesterday.

  Egy hét múlva: Noel said that he would pay the following day.

Peti: I've won the lottery last week.

  Azon a héten: Peti said that he had won the lottery last week.

  Következő héten: Peti said that he had won the lottery the previous week.

When?

Így használd:

Yesterday --> The previous day

Today --> That day

Tomorrow --> The following day

Figyelj, hogy a "next day" nem praktikus, mivel az gyakorlatilag holnapot jelent, nem pedig a rákövetkező napot!

Reported Speech (folytatás)

Modális igék:

can --> could

could --> could

should --> should

would --> would

may --> might

might --> might

used to --> used to

must --> had to

have to --> had to

One day at a roadside garage, a petrol pump attendant was filling a customer’s car, when he noticed that a small penguin was sitting in the back seat.  The petrol pump attendant asked the customer why he had a penguin in his car. The customer explained that he had found the penguin a few weeks before, wandering around in the street, looking miserable. He told the attendant that he had been trying to think of what to do with the penguin.
    The attendant thought for a moment and then told the man that there was a zoo nearby. He suggested that the customer take the penguin there. The man thanked the attendant, paid for his petrol and drove off in the direction of the zoo.
    A few days later, the same man pulled up to the petrol station. The attendant was surprised to see that the penguin was still in the back of the man’s car.
    ‘But I thought you were taking him to the zoo,’ said the attendant.
    ‘I did, thanks!’, answered the man. ‘He loved it, so I'm taking him to the beach today.’

Még egy apróság:

Legtöbbször say vagy tell igével kezdjük a szerkezetet. A különbség a vonzat:

She said that Elek was happy.

She told me that Elek was happy.

De kezdődhet ilyenekkel is:

She mentioned...

He replied...

Béci answered...

Klári explained...

Translate the following sentences!

"I can see her in the park." --> Frédi said _____

"It is too late." --> I said ______

"I have replied." --> She told me ______

"I met him yesterday." --> She said ______

"Australia is the smallest continent." --> Ede knew ______

"Your wife must rest." --> The doctor told me ______

"I am sitting at the bar." --> Lucy said ______

"She has been doing this job for seven years." --> Her boss said ______

"By the time I arrived home, she had already left." --> My neighbour said __

"You must do this today." --> Mum said ______

Now report what your classmate tells you! No questions (yet), please.

Choose a short story from the list and prepare a presentation of 6 minutes about it for lesson 33-34! Please talk about the plot and setting, too.

Literature

• Jack London - To build a fire
• Ernest Hemingway - The Killers
• Z.N. Hurston - The Gilded Six-Bits
• William Saroyan - Seventy Thousand Assyrians
• Willa Cather - Neighbour Rosicky
• Edith Wharton - Roman Fever
• John Steinbeck - The Chrysanthemums
• O'Henry - The Unfinished Story

The list:

Vocabulary

C/29-30

Goodbye!