12-10 : Overzicht grammar Theme 1

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Grammar Theme 1

Grammar :

1. Short answers

2. Modals

3. Future

Short Yes/No Answers

Almost all questions in English use an auxiliary verb (hulp ww).

Do you like to go to school?

Have you ever heard of Mozart?

Can you talk to your parents about this?

Must you really leave now or can you stay a while longer?

Are you afraid of clowns?

Short Yes/No Answers

When a question in English uses an auxiliary verb (hulp ww), you have to use this auxiliary verb in your short yes/no answer.

Do you like to go to school? Yes, I do/ No, I don't.

Have you ever heard of Mozart? Yes, I have / No, I haven't.

Can you talk to your parents about this? Yes, I can / No, I can't.

Are you afraid of clowns?   Yes, I am / No, I'm not.

Mind the comma!

Short Yes/No Answers

Must you really leave now or can you stay a while longer?

Yes, I must (and I can't)

No, I don't have to (and I can)

No, I don't need to (and I can)

!

Question: Does she know the recipe?
Answer : ...(+)....

Question: Was Kate hungry?
Answer: ...(+)...

Question: Could they call me ?
Answer: ...(-)...

Question: Have Mark and Sara been to London?
Answer: ...(-)...

MODALS

Modal verbs give additional information about the function of the main verb. They have a great variety of communicative functions.

Can you tell the difference in meaning?

You must listen to your teacher.

You should listen to your teacher.

You must not chew gum in school.

You don't have to hand in the assignment today.

Can you tell the difference in meaning?

You must listen to your teacher.              Obligation

You should listen to your teacher.           Advice

You must not chew gum in school.         Prohibition

You don't have to hand in the assignment today.    No necessity

         Permission

May = mogen

Might = zou mogen

(not) to be allowed to = om te zeggen dat iets (niet) toegestaan is. (REGELS)

The use of may and might

You may go out with your friends tonight.  >>   may + infinitive

Je mag met je vrienden uitgaan vanavond.

You may not speak to the Queen.   >>  may + not + inf.

Je mag niet tegen de koningin praten.

Might I have a quick word with you?   >>     might + infinitive

Zou ik je even kort mogen spreken?

The use of to be allowed

I am allowed to drive a car

you are allowed to drive a car

he/she/it is allowed to...

we are allowed to ...

you are allowed to ...

They are allowed to ...

I am not allowed to drive a car yet.

Are you allowed to drive a car?

J. Grammar

You know how to use the future tense 

4 manieren

am / are / is + going to + werkwoord

 will + werkwoord (shall)

Present simple

Present continuous

am/ are/ is + going to + stam

Wanneer? 

- Als iets al gepland staat

I am going to visit Bob tomorrow.

- Je hebt bewijs/je ziet dat iets gaat gebeuren

I can see that it is going to rain.

am/ are/ is + going to + stam

+ am/are/is/ + going to + ww

- am/are/is + not + going to + ww

Will + stam

Wanneer? 

- Als je iets besluit op het moment van spreken.

"Hey, there is no milk." I will get some milk.

- Bij een wens, veronderstelling, belofte, aanbod, verzoek of voorspelling. 

Shall + stam

Wanneer? 

- Bij vraagzinnen met als onderwerp I en we.

Shall I go to the supermarket? 

Present simple

Wanneer? 

Als iets gaat gebeuren volgens een vast tijdschema 

The train leaves at 13.00 pm.

Vorm: 

stam of stam + s

don't + stam of doesn't + stam

Present continuous

Wanneer? 

Dingen die al gepland zijn en vrijwel zeker gaan gebeuren.

Tommy is visiting his grandmother tomorrow.

Present continuous

Vorm: 

am / are / is + stam + ing

am / are / is + not + stam + ing

Future tenses - scheme

om iets aan te bieden,
te beloven,
of aan te kondigen:

1. will + hele werkwoord
2. shall + hele werkwoord
3. allowed to + hele werkwoord
4. am/are/is + going to + hele werkwoord

als je iets van plan bent
of iets gaat gebeuren:

1. will + hele ww
2. shall + hele ww
3. allowed to + hele ww
4. am/are/is + going to + hele ww

will + hele werkwoord
She will get you a coke.

1. iets aankondigen, aanbieden, beloven
2. iets van plan zijn, iets gaat gebeuren

I am - she/he/it is - you/we/they are
+ going to + hele ww
We are going to lose the game.

1. iets aankondigen, aanbieden, beloven
2. iets van plan zijn, iets gaat gebeuren

I promise I ... you a letter soon. (write)

1. will write
2. am going to write

Toekomende tijd:
We ...... our holiday in Spain. (spend)

1. go to spend
2. are going to spend
3. are spent
4. go spending

Look, a clear blue sky.
It .... another warm day. (be)

1. will go to be
2. is
3. is going to
4. will be

You must be hungry.
I ... you a sandwich. (make)

1. am going to
2. make
3. will making
4. will make

Donna doesn't like her new job at all.
She ... tomorrow. (quit)

1. is going to
2. will go quit
3. is going to quit
4. is quitting

Fill in the gap: I .... you as soon as I hear any news.

1. phone
2. will phone
3. am phoning

Fill in the gap: According to the website there are three flights tomorrow. The earliest .... at 7.30 a.m.

1. is going to leave
2. leaves
3. will leave

Fill in the gap: Ariana Grande .... at the Ziggo Dome in October. I have already got tickets!

1. will perform
2. is going to perform
3. is performing

Fill in the gap: I fancy a snack. I think
I ...... myself a sandwich.

1. will make
2. make
3. am making

Fill in the gap: The weather report says it .... tomorrow.

1. is going to snow
2. is snowing
3. will snow
4. snows