CH5 Cities and States

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CH5 Citizens, princes and the pope

The time of Cities and States, 1000 - 1500 

Cities and States

What do these words mean? 

What does that tell you about this period of time? 

Can you already tell me what a big difference with the time of Monks and Knights might be?  

Today

5.2 - War in the name of God 

The Crusades 

What were the causes and consequences of the crusades?

The Crusades

Why is Jerusalem such a holy city?
Feel free to use the internet if you're stuck. But! Write in your own words.

Notes

Write your notes down somewhere and save them in a place where you can find them again

Background

The Middle East is a very holy place. It was conquered by Arabs when Islam grew and spread. 

A new people - the Seljuk Turks invaded around the year 1000 and took land from the Eastern Roman Empire. 

Churches were destroyed and christians were not safe. Roman emperor Alexios asked  the Pope for help.

Pope Urban II called on the christians to crusade (holy war) and conquer Jerusalem

Reasons to crusade

1. Religious belief. To protect Jerusalem and fight muslims. 

2. Paradise. The Pope said that crusaders would enter heaven.

3. A chance for adventure, gold, land. 

1096: start of the first crusade

Consequences of the crusades

The first crusade was a big succes, mainly because the muslims were divided. Jerusalem was taken in 1099, many crusaders stayed and started a christian kingdom. 

1187 - Jerusalem was retaken.  New crusades failed. 

Besides war, muslims and christians traded a lot and exchanged scientific ideas. 

Assignments

Open 5.2 'War in the name of God' (p72) and make 2, 5, 6, 7, 8.