Les 2 - 3.1 The hydrological cycle

• Aardrijkskunde
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Planning

• The journey of a drop of water
• Crossword puzzle

Key words §3.1

Fresh water (zoet water): Water with a low concentration of dissolved salt. Drinking water is fresh water too.

Salt water (zout water): Water with a high concentration of dissolved salt. Sea water for example

Precipitation (neerslag): The different ways water falls back down to earth. For instance as rain, snow or hail.

Evaporation (verdamping): The process of water in liquid form turning into water in gaseous (gas) form..

Condensation (condensatie): The proces of a gas turning into a liquid. When watervapour cools it condenses into tiny drops of water and ice crystals. This is what we call clouds.

Infiltration (infiltratie): process by which water enters the soil (bodem)

Hydrological cycle (waterkringloop): The process by which seawater returns to the sea through evaporation and precipitation, and through groundwater and rivers

Watervapour (waterdamp): The gaseous state of water

Surface water (oppervlaktewater): water that is visible, such as lakes, rivers and seas

Ground water (grondwater): Water that is no longer visible, because it has infiltrated into the rock, and is now underground.

Glacier (gletsjer): Large bodies of ice on mountains as a result of snow falling on the mountains, which accumulates over time

Landice (landijs): Masses of ice which are on land

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The journey of a drop of water

The start:

David the drop is one of a lot of drops in the sea

The journey of a drop of water

Step 1:

• David the drop gets heated by the sun and evaporates
• Evaporation (verdamping): The process of water in liquid form turning into water in gaseous (gas) form. 
• Condensation (condensatie): The proces of a gas turning into a liquid. When water vapor cools it condenses into tiny drops of water and ice crystals. This is what we call clouds.

The journey of a drop of water

Step 2:

• David the drop falls down e.g. precipitates
• Precipitation (neerslag): The different ways water falls back down to earth. For instance as rain, snow or hail.

The journey of a drop of water

The end:

David the drop is one of a lot of drops in the sea

The short water cycle!

Hydrological cycle (waterkringloop): The process by which seawater returns to the sea through evaporation and precipitation, and through groundwater and rivers

The journey of a drop of water

Step 2:

• David the drop falls down e.g. precipitates and becomes part of a glacier
• Glacier (gletsjer): Large bodies of ice on mountains as a result of snow falling on the mountains, which accumulates over time
• Landice (landijs): Masses of ice which are on land

The journey of a drop of water

Step 3:

• David the drop slowly flows down the glacier at a speed of 30 meters a day
• This glacier in norway is 176 km long
• So roughly 6000 days later he melts and becomes part of a river

The journey of a drop of water

Step 4:

• David the drop quickly flows back to the sea
• Surface water (oppervlaktewater): water that is visible, such as lakes, rivers and seas

The journey of a drop of water

The end:

David the drop is one of a lot of drops in the sea

The long water cycle!

Hydrological cycle (waterkringloop): The process by which seawater returns to the sea through evaporation and precipitation, and through groundwater and rivers

The journey of a drop of water

Step 2:

• David the drop falls down e.g. precipitates somewhere in the countryside and infiltrates
• Infiltration (infiltratie): process by which water enters the soil (bodem)
• Ground water (grondwater): Water that is no longer visible, because it has infiltrated into the rock, and is now underground.

The journey of a drop of water

Step 3:

• David the drop goes down and down through tiny gaps in the rock below the countryside
• He ends up in a reservoir deep underground
• And stays there for 10.000 years

The longest water cycle!

Hydrological cycle (waterkringloop): The process by which seawater returns to the sea through evaporation and precipitation, and through groundwater and rivers

Make the crossword

Fresh water (zoet water): Water with a low concentration of dissolved salt. Drinking water is fresh water too.

Salt water (zout water): Water with a high concentration of dissolved salt. Sea water for example

Precipitation (neerslag): The different ways water falls back down to earth. For instance as rain, snow or hail.

Evaporation (verdamping): The process of water in liquid form turning into water in gaseous (gas) form. So the sea turning into clouds basically.

Infiltration (infiltratie): process by which water enters the soil (bodem)

Hydrological cycle (waterkringloop): The process by which seawater returns to the sea through evaporation and precipitation, and through groundwater and rivers

Surface water (oppervlaktewater): water that is visible, such as lakes, rivers and seas

Ground water (grondwater): Water that is no longer visible, because it has infiltrated into the rock, and is now underground.

Glacier (gletsjer): Large bodies of ice on mountains as a result of snow falling on the mountains, which accumulates over time

Landice (landijs): Masses of ice which are on land