CEN1 Grammar overview Units 4 and 5

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

Welcome!

Grammar overview from units 4 and 5

Grammar topics

- Comparative adjectives ~ p. 50 and p. 134

- Superlative adjectives ~ p. 52 and p. 134

- Past continuous ~ p. 62 and p. 136

- Past continuous versus Past simple ~ p. 64 and p. 136

- How to write a review ~ p. 54-55

Comparisons (vergelijkingen)

1 syllable (lettergreep): word + er (vergrotende trap), word +est (overtreffende trap)

2 syllables (lettergrepen) or more: more + word (vergrotende trap), most + word (overteffende trap)

Comparative adjectives 

(= vergrotende trap)

Superlative adjectives 

(= overtreffende trap)

Comparisons (vergelijkingen)

Let op!

- Bij woorden van één lettergreep die eindigen op a/e/i/o/u en een medeklinker wordt de laatste letter verdubbeld + -er of -est.

big-bigger-biggest 

- Bij woorden van 2 lettergrepen die eindigen op le, er, ow  (en een paar andere uitzonderingen) mag je kiezen: -er en -est of more en most.           (simpler of more simple)    

- Woorden van 2 lettergrepen die eindigen op -y, krijgen -ier en -iest (soms mag ook more/ most).                              (happy- happier-happiest)

Comparisons (vergelijkingen)

Let op!

- Bij vergelijkingen than gebruiken, niet then.

My shoes are more expensive than your shoes.

- Is iets even zo veel/groot/sterk/etc.? Gebruik as ....... as.

My shoes are as expensive as your shoes.

- Leer de uitzonderingen! (p. 134)

Past continuous

When do we use it?

- For actions happening at a particular time in the past.

bv. I was cycling to school this morning.

- To set the scene in a story.

bv. It was a dark night and it was raining heavily.

- For two or more actions happening at the same time in the past.

bv. They were playing video games and eating at the same time.

Often with a time expression like: yesterday, last weekend, at 12 o'clock!

Past continuous

How do we use it?

Positive:

Was / were + ww + ing

Negative:

Was / were + not + ww + ing

Questions:

Was / were + ow + ww + ing

He was doing the dishes when the doorbell rang.

They were not listening when the lesson started. 

Were you listening when the teacher asked you a question?

Past continuous

Important!

- was = singular (I, he, she, it)

Susy was working at the bakery yesterday.

- were = plural (you, we, they)

Davy and John were walking in the park at lunchtime.

Past continuous and past simple

- We use the past continuous and the past simple in the same sentence to talk about an action that was in progress (past continuous) when another action happened (past simple).

- We use when before the action in the past simple.

example: She was dancing when she hurt her leg.

Past simple

Past simple (bij dingen die in het verleden gebeurd zijn):

- Bevestigend: verb + ed 

- Ontkennend: did + not + verb

- Vragend: did + ow + verb

I worked at the store yesterday.

I did not work at the store yesterday.

Did I work at the store yesterday?

How to write a review

- Start with a mind map/ word web to gather information.

- Write in your review about the best and worst things.

> More information on p. 54-55

Good luck!

Practise with the topics you struggle with, you can find where you can do that on It's Learning. Email me if you have any questions!