explain how the general formula is used in writing the molecular formulae of alkanes
build a 3-D model of the combustion and substitution reactions of alkanes, limited to the first four members of the series
write the word and symbol equations (with displayed formulae) of the first four alkanes to show the combustion properties of alkanes
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Alkanes as fuels
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Complete vs. Incomplete Combustion
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Physical Properties of Alkanes
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Chemical Unreactivity of Alkanes
only C-C single bonds
saturated hydrocarbons
generally unreactive except for combustion and chlorination
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A. Combustion of alkanes (methane, ethane, propane, butane)
CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) + heat
C2H6(g) + 7O2(g) → 4CO2(g) + 6H2O(l) + heat
C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) → 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(l) + heat
C4H10(g) +13O2(g)→ 8CO2(g)+ 10H2O(l) + heat
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B. Monosubstitution reaction of alkanes (with chlorine atoms - chlorination)
CH4 + 1/2Cl2 -----→ CH3Cl + HCl
CH3CH3 + 1/2Cl2 -----→ CH3CH2Cl + HCl
CH3CH2CH3 + 1/2Cl2 -----→ CH3CH2CH2Cl + HCl
UV light
UV light
UV light
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Chemistry of Alkanes
Topic 12. Organic Chemistry
01 March 2024
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Collaborative Work 8C/E - Combustion and Substitution Models
Goal and Output - Construct a 3-D model of your chosen combustion or substitution reactions with chlorine.
Standards - accuracy of 3D model, Incorporation of properties, clarity of presentation
timer
25:00
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Chemistry of Alkanes
Topic 12. Organic Chemistry
01 March 2024
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Closing : Lesson Key Points
Alkanes are hydrocarbons with _______ bonds, making them generally ____________.
Combustion of alkanes results in the production of ________ and __________.
Alkanes can undergo substitution reactions with chlorine, where __________ atoms replace hydrogen atoms.
Substitution reactions of an alkane with chlorine is a _______________ reaction since it requires _______________ that provides the Activation Energy (Ea) to start the reaction.
