2.3 The rise of Mussolini and Hitler (part 2)

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2.3 The rise of Mussolini and Hitler (part 2)

Goals for this lesson

At the end of this paragraph you can...

• explain the three major problems faced by the Weimar Republic.
• show which characteristics fascism and national socialism share and where they are different.
• use sources to show the ideas of fascism and national socialism.
• explain what a totalitarian state is using fascism and national socialism as examples.

Parts of Mein Kampf

Source: Greatwar.nl

''IT HAS turned out fortunate for me to-day that destiny appointed Braunau-on-the-Inn

to be my birthplace. For that little town is situated just on the frontier between those

two States the reunion of which seems, at least to us of the younger generation, a task to

which we should devote our lives and in the pursuit of which every possible means

should be employed. German-Austria must be restored to the great German Motherland.''

''A stronger race will oust that which has grown weak; for the vital urge, in its

ultimate form, will burst asunder all the absurd chains of this so-called humane

consideration for the individual and will replace it with the humanity of Nature, which

wipes out what is weak in order to give place to the strong. ''

Benito Mussolini

• Italian politician and journalist.
• Founder of fascism.
• Prime Minister of Italy from 1922 to 1943.
• Marched on Rome (1922).

Characteristics fascism

• One leader.
• Extreme nationalism.
• Anti-democratic.
• State above individual.
• Inspired by Niccolò Machiavelli (1469-1527). ''those who lead governments must prioritize the stability of the regime over ethical concerns.''