V5+ term 4 expressions/ gerund and infinitives/ speaking / reading comprehension

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 5

Food for Thought

A mayfly, a shrew and a mussel

discuss age

Today's class

I wish/If only.../I'd rather/It is time + present or past simple (U 10 - ex. 1-5)

Hope vs wish - Corpus Spot correct the sentences

Expressions with "turn" (+ prepositions/nouns)

Sentence transformation (Y. 10 - ex. 6)

Pidgin

“On-the-spot” languages that develop when people with no common language come into contact with each other. Nobody speaks a pidgin as their first language. 

A pidgin language is a blend of the vocabulary of one major language with the grammar of one or more other languages. 

The major languages are usually the languages of the former major colonial powers, e.g. English, French, and Portuguese. 

For example, the establishment of plantations in the Caribbean, with large groups of slaves from different language backgrounds who came from West Africa, gave rise to a number of pidgins based on English, French, Spanish, Dutch, and Portuguese. 

(Creole: the languages/Pidgin language develop(s) into one new form of standardized language)

Esperanto

A language designed to enable easy communication between people of different countries and cultures (supposedly to promote world peace).

Launched in 1887 by the Polish Dr Ludvik Zamenhof under the pseudonym “Doktoro Esperanto” (which literally means ”Doctor Hoper”)

Zamenhof called it “Lingvo Internacia” (International Language) but people started calling it “Dr Esperanto’s language” and then, just “Esperanto”.

Esperanto

EXAMPLES

Mi amas vin= I love you. 

Mi amis vin= I loved you (but don't any longer, or it's irrelevant to what's happening now). 

Mi amos vin= I shall love you (but haven't started yet, or it's irrelevant to what's happening now). 

Se vi gajnus la loterion, mi amus vin= If you were to win the lottery, I would love you (but that's not likely).

Wishes/preferences & Corpus Spot (10.2 hand-out)

I hope we''ll meet up soon! 

I wish I had a sandwich. 

I wish I had eaten a sandwich for breakfast.

I wish you wouldn't eat carrots in class.

If only I had a sandwich! vs I wish I had a sandwich.

It is time to go home!

It is time you went home!

It is high time you did your own dishes!

I'd rather speak to you today.

I'd rather he left me alone

I'd rather he hadn't given me a gold fish for my birthday.

Expressions (come+preposition) / 

Gerunds & Infinitives / Sentence Transformation 

Expression with come + preposition - p. 77 (hand-out) 

Gerund vs infinitive - p. 78 (hand-out) (+ additional hand-out p. 183)

Ex. 1  - fill in the correct form and Corpus spot (correct the mistakes)

Ex. 2 - explain the difference between the pairs of sentences - infinitive vs gerund

Ex. 3  - rewrite the sentences with the word in brackets, using a gerund or infinitive (do not change the meaning of the sentence)

Expression come + preposition

How many do you know?

Gerund

Verb + ing

Used as noun (subject/object) 

-> Swimming in the lake is fun; 

-> I love baking cakes.

Used after certain prepositions (previous slide), verbs, expressions

Verbs:

finish, deny, suggest, consider, face, etc.

Expressions:

It is no use, It is (not) worth, There is no point, to have a hard/good time, to have fun

Gerund

Verb + ing

Used as noun (subject/object) 

-> Swimming in the lake is fun; 

-> I love baking cakes.

Used after certain prepositions, verbs, expressions

Prepositions:

After watching the movie, I wanted to read the book.

Andrey's parents were against his joining the water polo team.

He stayed at home instead of going to school.

What about going out tonight?

He rushed out of the room without saying a word.

Verbs:

Difference in meaning gerund/infinitive

I remember swimming in the moonlight

Remember to take out the garbage

I stopped smoking

I stopped to smoke

Try to understand my feelings

Try opening the window if you are feeling sleepy

This seat allowed me to hear everything loud and clear.

During school breaks, I heard them talking about me.

Reading comprehension

Languages (p. 84/85 - copy hand-outs)

How many languages are there in the world?

Which language is spoken more than any other?

Do you think Frisian should be a world language?

Do you think the Netherlands should be bilingual?

Why would people be so adamant about speaking/using their own language?

Do you think Dutch universities should offer English courses?