VT11- Herhalingsles

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

Good morning VT11

Planning for this lesson

Extra instructions for

• 6.2
• 6.3
• 7.3

Playing Who/what am I?

6.2 Frankish succession

• After the death of Charlemagne and his son Louis, the empire was increasingly divided and divided and divided ... -> weaker

6.2 The 3 classes of medieval society

Medieval society was divided into social classes:

• Clergy - task: pray to God
  
• Nobles - task: protect the people
  
• Farmers - task: produce the food 

What was Feudalism?

Feudalism: a system where the king divides his land to keep his kingdom under control.

The king gives land (a fief) to an imporant noble (a vassal). 

The vassal has to swear loyalty and promise military service. 

Land is wealth and power. 

The agreement of Feudalism

The lord

Keeps the territory, but loans it to a nobleman.

The vassal

May loan the territory and:

- Governs the area

- Speaks law in it

- Supplies soldiers for the lord

- May keep income from the territory

- Must be loyal to the feudal lord

The person who gives a territory in loan.

The person recieves a territory in loan.

Method:

missionaries were sent to Europe to Christianize pagans and build churches and monasteries.

Kerstenen

Met kerstenen bedoelen we dat missionarissen ongelovigen bekeerden tot het christendom.

Heidenen

Heidenen zijn ongelovigen.

Manorial / domain system

By far most land was owned by a feudal lord.  Sometimes a bishop or abbot was owner of the land. 

A manor was self-sufficient 

A manor was a large piece of adjoining land, divided into:

- a part on which the lord or vassal lived (domain)

- a part on which free peasents lived

- a part on which serfs lived 

- a mill

- a brewery

- fields to grow crops on 

- forest and barren lands 

Working of serfs on a domain is called manorialism.

Serfs were not allowed to leave their domain. We call this serfdom.

6.3 How life changed for common people

Many people left cities when the Roman army couldn't keep them safe. There was little trade (no safety!) and food could not get to cities anyway.

The medieval city

• The city was an attractive place to live for many people.
• They were not subject to nobility or clergy there.
• They did not have to do any servile duties and were free from other obligations.
• All citizens together were known as the burghers.
• In many cities, a man could become a burgher if he lived in the city for a year and a day, had a job, and paid taxes.
• Women could not become burghers, and most workers were not burghers either.
• The manorial system was decaying since people who lived in a city now no longer had to obey their manorial lord, because they were free from their servile duties. 

     "Stadslucht maakt vrij"

Craftsmen and guilds

• In order to control the training of new craftsmen, the quality of the products  (and prices of products) guilds were organised
• Guilds were associations of people who had the same job
  
• A guild also provided help to its members if somebody got injured, or died
• And guilds were also clubs where members met, discussed business and held (religious) celebrations together

City Rights

Burghers (free people) wanted something in return for paying high taxes. 
--> Lords and burghers came to an agreement 
--> Cities received city rights