1t 3.5 greek wars

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• Middelbare school
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• Leerjaar 1

3.5 Greek conflict

Planning

1. Introduction

2. Persian Wars

3. Causes for the Peloponnesian wars

4. The Peloponnesian wars

5. Closing thoughts

Persian Wars

Greek colonies in Asia revolted against Persia, and requested Greek aid.

This made Persia declare war on (most of) Greece

First Persian war

Greek Phalanx proves too much for the Persian army.

The Greeks win, despite being outnumbered.

Battle of Marathon, 42.195 km from Athens

Second Persian War

Battle of Thermopylae, 300 Spartans, led by king Leonidas, against the Persian army: Persians win but suffer heavy losses.

After the Persian burn down Athens, they lose to the (Athenian) navy in Salamis. Again the Persians had to retreat.

Major consequence to the Persian wars:

Athens and Sparta were now the clear leaders of Greece.

Athen's Delian League united many city states under Athenian leadership, but Sparta did not allow Athens to steal their allies.

==> 431 BC. First Peloponnesian war broke out. This ended in a stalemate, without a clear winner.

(The Peloponnesos is Greece)

Second Peloponnesian war

421-415 BC: 'peace' between Athens and Sparta.

In Syracuse, Sicily, a power struggle led to request for help to both Athens and Sparta, and both responded. The second war was about to break out.

War and consequences

It lasted until 404 BC, when civil unrest in Athens led to their surrender. Sparta would win the war, but couldn't conquer greece. Both city states had used all they had, and ended up worse:

The Macedonians, led by Alexander the Great, would end up conquering Greece short after the end of the Peloponnesian war.

Homework

 Read 3..5, do assignments 2-6