5. The rise of Islam

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Slide 1: Question de remorquage
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Cette leçon contient 23 diapositives, avec quiz interactifs, diapositives de texte et 1 vidéo.

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Draw the text to the correct picture.
The lord
The serf
Gives farmland and protection
Gives a part of his crops and does corvées

Slide 1 - Question de remorquage

Drag the features to the correct estates
First estate
Second estate
Third estate
Clergy
Nobility
Farmers
Those who fight
Those who work
Those who pray

Slide 2 - Question de remorquage

 The rise of Islam
Time of monks and knights, 500-1000

Slide 3 - Diapositive

Slide 4 - Vidéo

Success criteria
You can explain how:
  • how Islam formed
  • how the Arab empire formed
  • how the culture and society in the Arab world developed
  • how the Arab science and art developed

Slide 5 - Diapositive

Multiple gods
In the sixth century, the Arabs were polytheistic
In the city of Mecca stood the Ka'aba: a big black stone
At this place the Arabs offered their gods
Mecca was located at a crossroads of trade routes and was an important trading city.

Slide 6 - Diapositive

A vision
Mohammed was a merchant from Mecca 
In a vision, an angel told him that there is only one god: Allah.
Muhammad told the people in Mecca about his vision, but hardly anyone would listen to him 
 He was chased out of the city

Slide 7 - Diapositive

From Mecca to Medina
622
Muhammed flees to Medina
Many Jews and Christians lived in Medina; they too believe in one God (monotheism).
Muhammad, who called himself the prophet of Allah, got many followers.
They called themselves Muslims and their religion was Islam.

Slide 8 - Diapositive

Back yo Mecca
630
With his Muslims, Muhammad went back to Mecca 
Muhammad conquered the city
Many inhabitants of Mecca then became Muslims
At the Ka'aba people were allowed to pray to Allah only
Om de stad te bevrijden van het verkeerde geloof

Slide 9 - Diapositive

Conquest
  • After Muhammad's death, spiritual and political power came into the hands of the caliphs (successors).
  • They decided to expand the Caliphate (Islamic Empire) by conquest.
  • Such a war of conquest is called a jihad, a holy war.
  • The Arab rulers were usually tolerant of Jews and Christians because they believed in the same god as Muslims.
  • Jews and Christians had to pay extra taxes to the Muslim rulers.
De verspreiding van de islam.

Slide 10 - Diapositive

Science and art
  • Science flourished in the Arab world.
  • Many ancient texts were translated from Greek to Arabic.
  • Thus, much knowledge from classical antiquity was preserved.

Slide 11 - Diapositive

The islam
Islam means: 'submission' (to Allah)
The most important book is the Qur'an (القرآن)
According to Muslims, the words in the Arabic language were told to Mochromhammed by Allah through the angel Gabriel.
In addition, a Muslim must (as much as possible) adhere to the five pillars, these are religious obligations

Slide 12 - Diapositive

Five pillars of the Islam
geloofsbelijdenis (sjahada)
الشهادة
rituele gebeden (salat)
الصّلاة
geven aan armen (zakat)
زكاة
vasten
(ramadan)
رمضان
pelgrimstocht 
(hadj)
الحجّ

Slide 13 - Diapositive

Geloofsbelijdenis / Creed (Sjahada)
الشهادة

To become a Muslim you must pronounce the Shahada
If you do this you recognize that Allah is your god:
  • أَشْـهَدُ أَنْ لا إِلـهَ إِلاّ الله ، وَأَشْـهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمّـداً رَسـولُ الله
  • asjhadoe ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā-llāh, wa asjhadoe anna moeḥammadan rasōēloe-llāh
  • Ik getuig dat er geen god is naast Allah en dat Mohammad zijn boodschapper is

Slide 14 - Diapositive

Bidden / Prayer (Salat)
الصّلاة
According to the salat, every Muslim should pray 5 times a day
In this Allah is thanked and honored
It often happens through fixed rules
For example, you should always pray towards Mecca (the Kaaba)

Slide 15 - Diapositive

Geven aan armen /  (Zakat)
زكاة
A good Muslim takes care of people who are having a hard time
That's why they give money to people who have less
This also makes you pay for your sins
Fair enough: this should only be done if you can miss it

Slide 16 - Diapositive

Vasten / Fast (Ramadan)
رمضان
During Ramadan, Muslims do not eat and drink during the day
This cleans their body and allows them to focus more on faith and Allah
This happens every year for a month
Tussen zonsopkomst en zondsondergang

Slide 17 - Diapositive

Pelgrimstocht / Pilgrimage (Hadj)
الحجّ
Every Muslim must go to Mecca once in their life
During this pilgrimage they do many rituals
The most famous is walking around the Kaaba
You should only do this if you really can
Genoeg geld, goede gezondheid, de reis is veilig, etc.

Slide 18 - Diapositive


Wat is niet een van de vijf zuilen 
van de islam?
A
Eén keer in je leven naar Mekka gaan
B
Vaak naar de kerk gaan
C
Geld geven aan arme mensen
D
Vijf keer per dag bidden

Slide 19 - Quiz


Wat is niet een van de vijf zuilen 
van de islam?
A
Meedoen aan de ramadan (vasten)
B
Bidden
C
Geen varkensvlees eten
D
Allah en Mohammed eren (geloofsbelijdenis)

Slide 20 - Quiz

To which religion does it belong?
Christianity
Islam
Both
Muhammed
Monotheism
Chruch
mosque
Mecca
Bible
Jesus
Quran

Slide 21 - Question de remorquage

Make the right combinations
Holy book for muslims
City from which Muhammad fled in the year 622
The god of the muslims
City to which Mohammed fled in the year 622
People who believe that Mohammed spoke the truth
Quran
Mecca
Muslims
Allah
Medina

Slide 22 - Question de remorquage

Je weet nu:
  • Hoe de islam ontstond.
  • Hoe het Arabische rijk ontstond.
  • Hoe de cultuur en de samenleving in de Arabische wereld zich ontwikkelden.
  • Hoe de Arabische wetenschap en kunst zich ontwikkelen.

Slide 23 - Diapositive