Historians talk about the Middle Ages ending at the end of the 15th century.
That is because many things changed in the 16th century, which historians sometimes call the Early Modern Age.
Just a few changes that occurred:
1. The Byzantine Empire (the former eastern Roman Empire) with Constantinople as its capital, had been an important Christian stronghold against the Muslims.
In 1453 a group of Turks called the Ottomans attacked and conquered Constantinople, renamed it Istanbul and made it the capital of a new Muslim empire called the Ottoman Empire.
picture: Turks attack the walls of Constantinople